CT-NAB Targets The Fairfield County Municipal Deer ManagementAlliance Poster

The Fairfield County Municipal Deer Management Alliance (hereinafter

Alliance”), a 14-town consortium of political appointees, continues its

lies and pro-hunting agenda with its current poster campaign entitled

“HELP CONTROL the deer population in Fairfield County.” 

First and foremost, the public should be aware of the lack of credentials

of this group, who have no real expertise in deer management or

science.  The chairman, Tom Belote, is an attorney and hunter with no

credentials with regard to the management of deer (except for killing

them).  

The most glaring example of questionable credentials, however, is

Alliance Vice Chair Georgina Scholl.  She has identified herself as a

doctor/M.D., in her work for the Alliance, newspapers, and other media in connection with Lyme disease and public health.  According to available public

records from the Connecticut Health Department, Scholl is not a licensed

medical doctor in Connecticut.  There is also no public record that she is

a Lyme disease (LD) specialist.  As a result, her public position on

LD/deer and public health in Connecticut is subject to question.

The poster highlights 10+ “Did You Know” bullet items that are

irresponsible, at best.

1.   The Alliance claims “Unmanaged deer herds can double in

number every 2 or 3 years.”

This is not true. First, the Alliance deceitfully uses the word

“unmanaged” as a cover for hunting. It wants to use hunting to

manage deer populations in Fairfield County. Second, deer herds

are regulated or managed naturally by mortality and other conditions

such as variable density, or limited food resulting in does having one

or no fawns.  

The Alliance apparently bases it claim on studies of penned-in deer.

These limited, confined deer are given abundant food and little or no

mortality or migration occurs.  This kind of situation does not

represent the real world.  

“The most visible weakness in the assertion that hunting is

necessary to control deer populations is that IT HAS LARGELY

FAILED TO DO SO OVER THE LAST TWO DECADES…Just

because deer are being killed doesn’t mean that deer populations

are being controlled.”

Allen T. Rutberg, Ph.D.  Tufts University, “The Science of Deer

Management: An Animal Welfare Perspective” in The Science of

Overabundance – Deer Ecology and Population Management.

Scientists conducted a study which revealed that deer hunting is

not having an impact on deer herds. The three year study is

ground-breaking. It was conducted by Adjunct Assistant    

           Professor of Wildlife Duane Diefenbach, who is a deer hunter

himself, at Penn State University, School of Forest Resources.

There have been studies of hunter movement in the past, but

those studies used maps marked by the hunters themselves.  The

maps were improperly accepted as accurate without

independent verification.  The Penn State study used GPS

technology and it was accurate.  Researchers learned that deer

hunters are not very good at judging distances, and very few

hunters actually walk more than 1/3 of a mile from roads.  So few

deer were killed that it had no impact on deer management.

See "Penn State Research Reveals That Hunters Not Having

An Impact On The Deer Herd In Some Places", Penn State News,

College of Agricultural Sciences, March 5, 2004.

In addition, bow-hunting is particularly ineffective for reducing

deer populations.  For example, many scientific studies establish

that bow hunting wounds and cripples a large percentage of deer,

with an average crippling rate of 50%.  It is a cruel and primitive

method of killing deer, and it does not reduce deer populations

due to this extremely high crippling rate.

See Benke, A. The Bowhunting Alternative.  B. Todd Press, San Antonio,

Texas, 1989. 

Dr. Uma Ramakrishnan of the Connecticut Agricultural

Experiment Station, who is studying non-lethal methods of

controlling deer, has admitted the limitations of hunting:

·        Hunting is often not feasible or safe in suburban areas, due to

high human densities.  It is often not socially acceptable.

·        Intermediate to low levels of hunting may result in improved

overall deer health and reproductive output, because hunting often

reduces competition for the surviving deer, which then have

access to more food, resulting in more fawns.

·        Deer learn to avoid areas during hunting season and take

refuge in areas where hunting is restricted.

·        Deer can stay bedded during the day and feed after dark, thus

avoiding hunting periods – hunting is prohibited after daylight

hours.

See www.cases.state.ct.us/PlantScienceDay/2002PSD/Deer.

The Alliance also raises false claims about safety and reducing

deer-vehicle accidents.  It is preposterous to suggest that hunting

will reduce vehicle accidents.  Safety and reducing vehicle accidents

are the responsibility of 1) individual drivers, and 2) external

conditions such as high speed limits, time of day/night and season,

road and weather conditions, roadside maintenance practices (for

example, short cropped grasses and winter salting attract deer to

roads).  These factors can be addressed by public safety changes

and education.  Strieter-Lites and lower speed limits can help reduce

deer-vehicle accidents. 

Strieter-Lite is a wild animal warning reflector system.  New statistical

analysis based on road test data proves that Strieter-Lite is 78 to

90% effective in preventing vehicle collisions with deer and other wild

animals (it also replaces the old reflector system known as

Swareflex).   It has been used and tested throughout the United

States and Canada in Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New

Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, South Dakota, Virginia,

Washington, Wisconsin, Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario and

Saskatchewan, Canada.  It is easy to install and the most

cost-effective collision prevention system available.

If the Alliance is really concerned about safety issues, it should

address the real dangers to people and property caused by hunting.

2.      The Alliance claims “High deer populations lead to high Lyme

disease rates.”

This is not true.  High mice populations lead to high Lyme disease

rates.

White-footed mice are the most important host for Lyme disease

bacteria, which is maintained in the bloodstream of mice.  Ticks

become infected after feeding on mice.  Deer - and other animals -

may serve as a host to the adult ticks but deer do not transmit the

Lyme disease bacteria.  Additionally, ticks thwart deer reduction

efforts, e.g., by switching to other animals, including humans and

domestic pets.  According to proven scientific studies, even when the

deer population is reduced as much as 86% the reduction in ticks is

insufficient to diminish the reproduction cycle.

Other host animals include chipmunks, squirrels, rabbits, 49 birds

species and all mammals (except bats). For example, birds can

transport Lyme disease to new areas (Anderson, 1988, Battaly and

Fish, 1993). 

Deer do not transmit the Lyme disease bacterium which causes

Lyme disease.  Adult ticks that feed on deer will not acquire the

bacteria, nor the disease, from deer.

Deer cannot pass Lyme disease on to anything or anyone.  And,

there can be infectious ticks and Lyme disease present on your

property even if you do not have deer!

Scientists conducted a 2004 CT study confirming the key role of

mice in transmitting Lyme disease. 

See: “Borrelia burgdorferi infection…” by Jonas Bunikis, et al., Journal of

Infectious Diseases, University of Chicago Press, Vol. 189(2004). 

See also nationally recognized experts: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious

Diseases/National Institutes of Health; Steven Schutzer, MD, LD specialist, N.J.

Medical School; US Center for Disease Control and Prevention; and Harvard

School. of Public Health.

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID),

part of the National Institutes of Health, confirmed that not only are

white-footed mice a key animal reservoir for Lyme disease, but

demonstrated that the broad-based vaccination of wild mice could

help reduce Lyme disease risk in humans.

The NIAID released a "proof-of principle" study in December 2004

which demonstrates that vaccinating a carrier of a vector-borne

disease in the wild is a potential method for preventing transmission

of that disease to humans.  The study was conducted in 12 forested

sites in Connecticut.  The most logical way to implement the

vaccination of large numbers of wild mice is through targeted food

pellets or bait boxes, much like the rabies vaccination program that

has met with success in the United States and Europe.  Such a

program would also be environmentally beneficial because it would

not detrimentally affect the ecology of a region.

See Report of NIAID dated December 13, 2004 entitled "Broad-based Vaccination

of Wild Mice Could Help Reduce Lyme Disease Risk in Humans", at the NIAID

website: www.niaid.nih.gov.

Contrary to statements made by Pat Sesto of the Alliance CT-NAB

has acknowledged that deer are host to adult ticks.  Pat Sesto is not

a wildlife biologist. What Pat Sesto and the Alliance refuse to

acknowledge is the fact that nationally recognized scientists and

organizations have established that WILD MICE carry the bacteria

that causes Lyme disease.  They distort this fact, and try to place the

blame for Lyme disease on deer.  Stopping the spread of Lyme

disease starts with targeting MICE, not deer.

Why are Pat Sesto and the Alliance doing this?  It is apparent that

they are either 1) incapable of understanding science and the facts,

or 2) deliberately distorting the issues.

3.   The Alliance claims “Fairfield County has the highest number

of cases of Lyme in Connecticut” and “Connecticut has the

highest rate of Lyme in the United States.”

The medical community and Department of Public Health do not have complete and accurate record keeping of Lyme diseases cases in Connecticut.  Fairfield County does not have complete and accurate data, or scientific study of residents of the town of Ridgefield or any other town which shows: verification, number, age, contact location (Ridgefield, some other town, or vacation location?), etc. of those who actually have Lyme disease. 

Ironically, Connecticut does not have the highest deer population!  Therefore, it is logical to conclude that the mice population must be targeted – not deer!

 

4.  The Alliance claims “Woodlands can only support 10 to 15

deer per square mile without suffering damage.”

There is no scientific evidence to support the Alliance’s allegation

that woodlands can only support 10 to 15 deer per square mile

without suffering damage.  The Alliance does not even know, or

otherwise identify exactly what “woodlands” it is talking about in

Fairfield County, a large and diverse area of private and public

property.  It also does not know how many deer can be supported in

these unidentified “woodlands.”  The Alliance has conducted no

scientific studies of any “woodlands” or deer population in Fairfield

County:

Further, the Alliance has provided no clear definition of “biodiversity”

and what is an acceptable level of biodiversity and ecosystem health

in Fairfield County.  Biodiversity is a complicated subject, and it

involves many factors, not just deer.  It can not be addressed by

simply recommending that we kill deer, or by allowing so-called

sport hunters to determine the status and health of the environment in

Fairfield County.

5.   The Alliance claims “Deer are causing loss of native bird and

plant species.”

This is not true.  There is no scientific evidence to support their claim

that deer are causing loss of native bird and plant species in Fairfield

County.

The mechanisms regulating populations of resident and migratory

birds are not fully understood and are controversial. It should also be

noted that migratory birds - not local, resident birds - compose the

majority of species and individuals in temperate climates.  Bird

populations are affected by three basic factors, NOT SIMPLY DEER:

1) direct and indirect interactions among individual birds, e.g.,

crowding, territoriality, 2) environmental conditions, and 3) intrinsic

differences among individual birds. 

See "Multiple density-dependence mechanisms regulate a migratory bird

population during the breeding season." Nicholas L. Rodenhouse, T. Scott Sillett,

Patrick J. Doran and Richard T. Holmes, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Wellesley

College; Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center; Dept. of Biological Sciences,

Dartmouth College, The Royal Society Proceedings, August 28, 2003.

There is also an absence of science behind claims that deer are

responsible for the disappearance of unidentified “plant species” in

Fairfield County.  There is no baseline data or scientific studies in

connection with such “plant species.”  It should be obvious that there

are many environmental factors affecting plants, for example, soil

conditions, weather, insects, etc., and NOT SIMPLY DEER!  Further,

there are humane ways of reducing wildlife damage to property and

flowers. 

Experts have recommended using fences, repellents, scare devices,

etc.  See article entitled: “Humanely Reducing Agricultural Wildlife

Damage: Deer” at the Humane Society of the United States website

www.hsus.org/ace/21233.  Dr. Oswald J. Schmitz of Yale University

has recommended, among other solutions, altering landscape to

make it less desirable to deer.  We, as residents of Fairfield County,

have the responsibility to resolve any deer problem by understanding

how our land use practices affect deer, and in turn use this scientific

understanding to change the way the landscape is being developed.

6.   The Alliance claims “Local towns have up to 60 to 100 deer per

square mile.”

This is not true.  Once again, the Alliance has propagated a blatant

lie.  There have been no accurate, objective surveys of deer

populations in “local towns” in Fairfield County.  The Weir Preserve

cited by the Alliance in other media is not a “local town,” and does not

apply to the conditions of the towns and populated suburban

communities in Fairfield County.

The Alliance misleads the public by referring to a survey of the Weir

Farm at the Ridgefield/Wilton border. Their statement “a deer density of 79 deer per square mile” bends facts to suit their established hunt-promoting agenda. The Weir property is not comparable to the town of Ridgefield because it does not have the characteristics of a town at all. This property is a 150-acre wildlife sanctuary with “edge habitat,” water and forests - ideal deer haven. A fly-over was done here because of suspected higher than average deer numbers, and the results became part of the FCMDMA propaganda campaign. 

The public must understand: Aerial surveys of entire towns involve

many separate transects. The deer counts for all transects are

multiplied by a visibility factor to correct for deer that were present but

hidden by the topography.  Different areas have various correction

factors determined by the DEP’s own magic formulas.  

The Alliance’s claims of 60 to 100 deer per square mile are scare tactics of a pro-hunting agenda. The Alliance wants the public to believe that exaggerated numbers exist in every square mile of Ridgefield. This is patently absurd. No real deer count will ever verify these misrepresentations.  

7.   The Alliance claims “At less than 8 deer per square mile Lyme

ticks virtually disappear.”

This is not true.  There is no scientific evidence that at less than 8

deer per square mile, or any other number, Lyme disease ticks

virtually disappear.  There is no scientific evidence that deer

reduction could dramatically reduce Lyme disease.  Again, Lyme

ticks get the bacteria that causes Lyme disease from WILD MICE,

not deer. 

8.   The Alliance claims “Deer reduction could dramatically reduce

Lyme disease.”

      This is not true, as set forth in Section 7 above.  “Deer reduction,”

      which is a code word for hunting by gun or bow, does not reduce

      Lyme disease.  Scientists have established that killing deer does not

      control/manage Lyme disease, contrary to Georgina Scholl’s and

      Alliance assertions.

Scientists have proven that nonlethal methods reduce Lyme disease

far better than killing deer.  Killing as much 86% of a deer population

does not significantly disrupt the tick’s breeding cycle.  This is why

credible scientific entities are NOT recommending hunting to control

LD: e.g., J. Matthew Pound, PhD, J. Allen Miller, and Craig A. Le

Meilleur of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)

developers of The 4-Poster Deer Treatment Bait Station, patented

on November 29, 1994 under US Patent Nol 5,367,983, and the US

Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Bayer Environmental

Science which developed the Maxforce Tick Management System

targeting ticks on mice. 

9.   The Alliance claims “There is no “birth control’ for free ranging

deer.”

      This is not true.  There is such birth control and, in fact, the CT DEP

      allows the use of contraception in research studies.   The Connecticut

      Agricultural Experiment Station itself is testing non-lethal methods of

      controlling deer population growth, including sterilizing large males.

Scientists have utilized immuno-contraceptives in several case

studies of animals, including wild horses and deer.  Research

indicates that it can be a safe, and more humane way, of reducing

animal populations.  For example, a field test of

immuno-contraception was conducted on white-tailed deer by the

Humane Society, Tufts University, School of Veterinary Medicine,

SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Medical

College of Ohio, and the University of California, Davis School of

Veterinary Medicine.  In the 1st phase of the study, it was

demonstrated that annual PZP (porcine zona pellucida) vaccinations

can be delivered to large numbers of unconfined, white-tailed deer

without capturing them, and that such vaccinations significantly and

markedly reduced the production of fawns among treated animals.

      See “Field testing of immunocontraception on white-tailed deer (Odocoileus

virginianus) on Fire Island National Seashore, New York, USA” by R.E. Naugle, A.

T. Rutberg, H.B. Underwood, J.W. Turner, Jr., and I. K. M. Liu, Society for

Reproduction and Fertility, 2002, Reproduction Supplement.

 

 

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